Actovegin

Actovegin helps improve oxygen and glucose use in cells, supporting energy production and tissue repair. It is commonly used for wound healing, recovery from strokes, and improving brain function after injuries. Actovegin also protects against oxidative stress and promotes faster recovery in damaged tissues. Actovegin is a deproteinized hemodialysate derived from calf blood through ultrafiltration. This process removes proteins while retaining bioactive components, including amino acids, nucleotides, and oligopeptides. Actovegin enhances oxygen uptake, glucose utilization, and aerobic metabolism, promoting cellular repair and regeneration. Widely used in several countries, it has applications in neurological conditions, ischemic stroke, and wound healing.

- Support tissue repair and recovery after injuries, strokes, or surgery

- Enhance brain function and oxygen utilization for cognitive recovery and neurological conditions

How this peptide works in the body

Oxygen Utilization:

• Increases oxygen uptake and delivery to hypoxic tissues, improving cellular energy production. This involves activating hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and enhancing ATP synthesis by facilitating the electron transport chain within mitochondria.

Glucose Uptake:

• Stimulates glucose transporters (GLUT-1 and GLUT-3) to facilitate glucose entry into cells, ensuring efficient energy utilization under stress conditions. This action is achieved by modulating insulin-independent pathways that enhance GLUT translocation to the plasma membrane.

Anti-Oxidative Effects:

• Contains superoxide dismutase and other antioxidants that reduce oxidative stress and protect tissues from damage. This process involves scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stabilizing mitochondrial membranes to prevent lipid peroxidation.

Cellular Regeneration:

• Enhances fibroblast and endothelial cell proliferation, promoting angiogenesis and collagen synthesis essential for tissue repair. These effects are mediated by upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stimulating the extracellular matrix remodeling.

Neuroprotection:

• Modulates inflammatory pathways and supports neuronal survival by stabilizing cell membranes and reducing apoptosis. This involves regulating lipid peroxidation, suppressing caspase activation, and enhancing the production of neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).