Livagen

Livagen is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator that interacts with DNA/chromatin to influence gene expression, promoting cellular regeneration and immune support with applications in anti-aging.

- Support immune function and reduce age-related decline

- Promote cellular regeneration and longevity-associated gene expression

Mechanism of Action

How this peptide works in the body

Chromatin Remodeling and Gene Activation

Livagen interacts with heterochromatin and loosens compact chromatin structures by altering histone-DNA binding, specifically increasing H3K9 acetylation and reducing H3K9 trimethylation. This allows transcriptional machinery, such as RNA polymerase II, access to previously silenced genes, notably ribosomal DNA. This enhances protein synthesis, especially in aging immune cells. It may also influence chromatin topology through interactions with nuclear scaffold elements.

Epigenetic Modulation

Livagen modulates epigenetic markers by activating histone acetyltransferases (e.g., p300/CBP) and reducing HDAC activity, resulting in more open, transcriptionally active chromatin. It may reduce promoter DNA methylation by indirectly inhibiting DNMT1 and supporting TET-mediated hydroxymethylation. Nuclear incorporation suggests a histone-mimetic function that could help regulate gene accessibility.

Immune System Enhancement

Livagen boosts immune gene expression by activating transcription factors like NF-κB and STAT5, increasing IL-2, IL-7, and IFN-γ. It enhances T and B cell responsiveness by raising CD69 and CD25 expression and improving early TCR signaling through ZAP-70 and LAT phosphorylation. It also increases MHC class II expression via CIITA activation, strengthening antigen presentation and adaptive immunity.

Antioxidant Activity

Livagen promotes Nrf2 nuclear translocation and KEAP1 inhibition, driving transcription of antioxidant enzymes like HO-1, SOD1, and GCLC. Its Glu and Asp residues may chelate catalytic metal ions (Fe²⁺, Cu²⁺), preventing Fenton chemistry and lowering oxidative stress. These dual antioxidant actions protect tissues from damage in aging and inflammatory conditions.

Pain Modulation via Enkephalinase Inhibition

Livagen inhibits enzymes such as NEP and APN, preserving endogenous enkephalins that activate μ- and δ-opioid receptors. This suppresses cAMP production and calcium influx in neurons, inhibiting pain neurotransmitter release (e.g., substance P). The result is enhanced pain modulation without reliance on exogenous opioids or risk of addiction.